Chronic ankle sprains, characterized by repeated or lingering ankle instability and discomfort, can significantly impact an individual’s mobility and quality of life. Proper treatment is crucial to address the underlying issues, prevent further injury, and restore stability to the ankle joint. The approach to treating chronic ankle sprains typically involves a combination of conservative measures, physical therapy, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

When dealing with an ankle sprain, the first step is to allow the injured ligaments to heal by minimizing stress on the affected joint. Rest and avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms are essential in the early stages of treatment. Immobilization, such as the use of a brace or splint, may be recommended to provide support and prevent further injury. Ice and elevation are other conservative treatments that can help with the healing process. When initial treatment is not performed correctly, this is when a common ankle sprain can become chronic.

Recommended Treatments for Chronic Ankle Sprains

When conservative treatments are ineffective or not performed long enough, a sprained ankle can linger for weeks or even months. Chronic ankle sprains occur when symptoms of instability and pain are still persisting 2-3 months after the initial injury. At this point, professional treatment may be required to restore strength and stability to the ankle joint, which may include the following:

  • Physical Therapy: Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of chronic ankle sprains. Targeted exercises focus on the muscles surrounding the ankle joint, enhancing stability and reducing the risk of future sprains. Proprioceptive training, which involves activities that challenge balance and spatial awareness, is often included to improve overall ankle function.
  • Bracing and Supportive Devices: The use of braces or supportive devices, such as ankle braces or lace-up supports, can provide additional stability to the ankle joint. These devices are particularly beneficial during activities that involve increased stress on the ankle, providing external support and reducing the risk of re-injury.
  • Gait Analysis: Gait analysis may be conducted to assess walking patterns and identify any abnormalities or compensations that may contribute to chronic ankle instability. Addressing gait issues through corrective measures, such as orthotics or specific exercises, can improve overall biomechanics and reduce the risk of recurrent sprains.
  • Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be considered to alleviate inflammation and pain associated with chronic ankle sprains. These injections are administered directly into the affected joint and can provide temporary relief. However, their use is typically limited due to the potential for side effects and the need for careful monitoring.
  • Surgical Intervention: If conservative measures fail to address chronic ankle instability, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgical options vary and may include ligament repair, reconstruction, or stabilization procedures. The specific surgical approach depends on the severity of the instability, the structures involved, and the individual’s overall health.

Prevention is a key component of treating chronic ankle sprains. Individuals with a history of recurrent sprains may benefit from ongoing preventive measures, such as wearing supportive footwear, utilizing orthotics, and participating in targeted exercises to maintain ankle strength and flexibility.

Treatment for chronic ankle sprains is multifaceted and requires a comprehensive approach. Conservative measures, physical therapy, and supportive devices play a crucial role in managing symptoms and improving ankle stability. In cases where conservative treatments are insufficient, surgical intervention may be considered to address underlying structural issues. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, the individual’s response to conservative measures, and the overall goals of rehabilitation. If you have a chronic ankle sprain and want to explore treatment options, contact the office of Steven Struhl, MD – Shoulders & Knees in New York to schedule a consultation.